Натриев нитрат

Sodium nitrate is a kind of inorganic salt, the chemical formula is NaNO3, white solid powder, also known as Chilean saltpeter or Peruvian saltpeter (less common). The world’s largest sodium nitrate mine is located in Chile’s Atacama Desert. It can be synthesized by the following chemical formula: NaOH(aq) + HNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) sodium nitrate is heated to 380℃ and decomposed to produce sodium nitrite and oxygen. Sodium nitrate is oxidizing and can be co-heated with lead to produce sodium nitrite and lead oxide. It also oxidizes hydroiodic acid to iodine elemental and forms nitric oxide at room temperature: the introduction of hydrogen ions into sodium nitrate solution will show the characteristics of nitric acid: sodium nitrate is one of the components of curing salt.

Приложение

1. Поле с пестициди: трихлороацетил хлоридът е важна суровина за синтеза на хлорпирифос, метил хлорпирифос и други алтернативни пестицидни продукти от ново поколение. Хлорпирифос и метил хлорпирифос имат характеристиките на широк спектър, висока ефективност, ниска токсичност и ниски остатъци, и са широко използвани в света. В допълнение, трихлороацетил хлоридът също е важна суровина за синтеза на високоефективни и нискотоксични хербициди.

2. Фармацевтична област: трихлороацетил хлоридът също има определени приложения във фармацевтичната област, използва се главно в синтеза на фунгициди и полициклични антимикробни средства и други лекарства.

3. Органични междинни продукти и фини химически полета: трихлороацетил хлоридът може да се използва като важна суровина за органичен синтез, за производството на висококачествени спомагателни вещества като полициклични ароматни етери, които се използват широко в двете основни области на полиамида (найлон) и полиестер. В допълнение, трихлороацетил хлоридът може също да се използва за синтезиране на други органични междинни продукти и фини химически продукти.

1. Селскостопанско поле: Sodium nitrate can be used as fertilizer to provide nutrients for plants and improve soil properties. It can improve the availability of phosphorus and trace elements, promote the formation of organic acids, and help the phosphorus and trace elements in soil particles to be released into the soil solution, thereby improving the utilization rate of water by plants. В допълнение, it can also reduce the absorption of chlorine by plants and improve the drought resistance of plants.

2. Индустриална област: Sodium nitrate has a wide range of applications in industrial production. It can be used as a concrete admixture to improve the early strength of concrete and prevent freezing damage to construction concrete in winter. В допълнение, in the glass industry, sodium nitrate can be used as a decolorizing agent, defoamer, clarifying agent and oxidation flux. In the enamel industry, sodium nitrate can be used as oxidizing agent and flux. In the metallurgical industry, sodium nitrate can be used as a heat treatment agent for iron making and aluminum alloy. In mechanical manufacturing, it can be used as a metal cleaning agent.

3. Хранително поле: В хранително-вкусовата промишленост, sodium nitrate can be used as a hair color agent for meat processing, which can prevent meat deterioration and play a seasoning role. It is also used in the production of picric acid and dyes.

4. Фармацевтична област: Sodium nitrate also has certain applications in the pharmaceutical industry. It can be used as a culture solution for penicillin and as a catalyst in the pharmaceutical industry. В допълнение, in some specific cases, sodium nitrate can also be used to treat cyanide poisoning.

5. Fireworks and explosives manufacturing: Because sodium nitrate is oxidizing, it also plays an important role in the manufacture of fireworks and explosives. It can be used as an oxidizer in fireworks and as a component of explosives.