Kapangidwe ka acetic acid

Acetic acid, omwe amadziwika bwino ndi chilinganizo chake chamankhwala CH3COOH, ndi organic pawiri kuti amasonyeza amphamvu, chakupha, fungo la vinyo wosasa. Ndi nambala ya CAS ya 64-19-7, ndi madzi opanda mtundu omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa mu zipatso ndi zomera zambiri, koma amapangidwanso kwambiri m'mafakitale kuti agwiritse ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mapangidwe ake osavuta koma amphamvu, wopangidwa ndi gulu la methyl lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi gulu la carboxylic acid, amapatsa asidi acetic wapadera thupi ndi mankhwala katundu.

Mawonekedwe

Zakuthupi: Acetic acid ili ndi malo osungunuka a 16.6 ° C ndi malo otentha a 118.1 ° C 101.7 kPa. Zimasiyana ndi madzi, ethanol, ether, ndi glycerol, koma osasungunuka mu carbon disulfide. Kuthamanga kwake kwa nthunzi pa 20 ° C ndi 1.52 kPa, ndi refractive index wa 1.3719 pa 20°C.

Mankhwala: Monga acid ofooka (pKa = 4.74 pa 25 ° C), asidi acetic amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi maziko kupanga mchere ndi esters. Imathanso kutenga nawo gawo mu esterification, okosijeni, ndi zosintha m'malo, chifukwa cha magulu ake ogwira ntchito.

Kukhazikika: Acetic acid imakhala yokhazikika m'mikhalidwe yabwinobwino ndipo sichiwola kapena kuchitapo kanthu, kupanga kukhala koyenera kusungirako ndi kunyamula.

Chitetezo: Ngakhale kuti asidi otsika kwambiri sakhala ndi vuto lililonse, moyikira njira akhoza dzimbiri khungu, maso, ndi machitidwe opumira. Kusamalira moyenera ndi kusungirako ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo.

Mapulogalamu

Chakudya ndi chakumwa: Acetic acid ndi gawo lofunikira mu viniga, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chokometsera, kusungika, ndi acidulant mu zakudya. Amapezanso ntchito popanga zokometsera, mitengo, ndi masamba saladi.

Makampani a Pharmaceutical: Acetic acid amagwira ntchito ngati gawo lapakati pakupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala, kuphatikiza maantibayotiki monga penicillin ndi cephalosporins. Kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti alowe m'mapangidwe a mankhwala a mankhwala, kuonjezera zotsatira zawo zochizira.

Kafukufuku wa Chene: Monga reagent ndi chipika chomangira, asidi acetic ndi wofunikira pa kaphatikizidwe wa mankhwala ambiri organic. Imachita nawo zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuzipangitsa kukhala zamtengo wapatali pakupanga zinthu zatsopano ndi zosakaniza.

Makampani Opangira Zovala: Acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto ndi kumaliza nsalu, kumathandizira kukulitsa kufulumira kwamtundu komanso mtundu wonse.