PRODUCT
Reference Sandards
Titumizireni Imelo Kwa Ife
Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Miyezo yolozera ndi mankhwala kapena chisakanizo cha zinthu zodziwikiratu komanso zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomwe zili mulingo wotsimikizira zomwe zili..
Mawonekedwe
Kuyera ndi zokhutira zimadziwika.
Kuphatikizapo miyezo ya stoichiometric, miyezo yazitsulo ndi miyezo yoyesera mankhwala.
Cholinga
Popanga mankhwala ndi kupanga, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera khalidwe la mankhwala ndi kujambula kokhotakhota kokhazikika.
Monga chinthu chokhazikika pakudziwitsa zomwe zili kapena titer mu bioassays, mankhwala opha tizilombo kapena mankhwala a biochemical.
